PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times late to seize a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.